Van Seters, Schmid, and Rendtorff shared many of the same criticisms of the documentary hypothesis, but were not in complete agreement about what paradigm ought to replace it. They also called into question the nature and extent of the three other sources. This was triggered in large part by the influential publications of John Van Seters, Hans Heinrich Schmid, and Rolf Rendtorff in the mid-1970s, who argued that J was to be dated no earlier than the time of the Babylonian captivity (597–539 BCE), and rejected the existence of a substantial E source. The consensus around the classical documentary hypothesis has now collapsed. The sources would have been joined together at various points in time by a series of editors or "redactors." Finally, P was generally dated to the time of Ezra in the 5th century BCE. E was dated somewhat later, in the 9th century BCE, and D was dated just before the reign of King Josiah, in the 7th or 8th century. The first of these, J, was dated to the Solomonic period (c. It posited that the Pentateuch is a compilation of four originally independent documents: the Jahwist (J), Elohist (E), Deuteronomist (D), and Priestly (P) sources. A version of the documentary hypothesis, frequently identified with the German scholar Julius Wellhausen, was almost universally accepted for most of the 20th century. The documentary hypothesis ( DH) is one of the models used by biblical scholars to explain the origins and composition of the Torah (or Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy). DH: Deuteronomistic history (books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings).Dtr2: later (6th century BCE) Deuteronomist historian.Dtr1: early (7th century BCE) Deuteronomist historian.
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